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Instructions to Authors > For Authors and Reviewers > Instructions to Authors



Revised: Jan 2020
Revised: Apr 2022
Revised: Jun 2023

Publication Aims and Scope
  1. As an official peer-reviewed research journal of the Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing, the journal is devoted to publish a wide range of research on nursing practice and education. The journal particularly welcomes studies that aim to evaluate and develop nursing skills and interventions; and related educational techniques, contents, and policies. The journal also invites methodological papers introducing or elaborating on analytic techniques, measures, and research methods. Publications can be in the form of original articles, reviews, and case report, and other related articles can be published following a decision by the editorial board.
  2. This journal is published 4 times a year (February 28, May 31, August 31, November 30).
Ethical Guidelines for Research Publication
  1. Research Ethics
    All manuscripts should be prepared in accordance with research and publication ethics guidelines commended by the Council of Science Editors (CSE, http://www.councilscienceeditors.org/), International Committee of Medical Journal Editors (ICMJE, http://www.icmje.org/), and Korean Association of Medical Journal Editors (KAMJE, http://www.kamje.or.kr/).
    If the research is conducted on humans, it is to be done in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki, and participants are to receive a full explanation of the purposes of the research and any mental and/or bodily harm which may take place in patients or guardians who participate in the research and a written consent is to be received before participation. If needed, the editing committee can request submission of written consents and approval letters of ethics committees. If the research is conducted on animals, a description of actions taken to reduce any or suffering by the laboratory animals should be included to clarify that the experiment processes have not violated regulations of institutional review board (IRB) and/or the NIH Guidelines for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals.
    Any study involving human subjects or human data must be reviewed and approved by a responsible institutional review board (IRB). Research involving meta-analyses, systematic reviews, and literature review does not require IRB review. Experiments involving animals should be reviewed by an appropriate committee for the care and use of animals.

  2. The journal will not publish theses that have used any of the following unfair practices:
    • 1) Forgery: recording or reporting materials or research outputs which have been falsified
    • 2) Alteration: manipulating of research materials, equipment or processes and/or changing or omitting materials or research outputs, so as to render research records false
    • 3) Plagiarism: appropriating others’ ideas, processes, outputs or records in an unauthorized manner

  3. Only original theses can be contributed to and/or published by the journal.
    • 1) Manuscripts that have been published or are being submitted into other journal(s) are not allowed to submit to this journal. Manuscripts that have been published or are currently under consideration for publication in this journal are not allowed to submit to other journals.
    • 2) Any duplicated theses will not be published regardless of whether part or all of them have been published, printed, recorded and/or registered in an academic journal in another languages, electronically or otherwise.
    • 3) If authors wants to reprint the published manuscript in another language, the corresponding author must obtain the approval from Editor-in-Chief of both related journals
    • 4) The Editorial Board will determine the nature and degree of duplicate publication or duplicate submission for the manuscript.

  4. If the published manuscripts are suspected of ethics violation, the Editorial Board will take appropriate disciplinary action as below.
    • 1) A preliminary investigation
    • 2) Second investigation
    • 3) Decision of the Editorial Board

  5. If the published manuscripts are proved of ethics violation, the Editorial Board will take appropriate disciplinary action as below.
    • 1) The published manuscripts will be retracted and be released to the public regarding the reason of retraction.
    • 2) Submission privileges to the JKAFN will be suspended for three years.
    • 3) The retraction of the manuscript will be announced on the JKAFN official website and the printed journal.
  6. Authorship
    Authorship should be based upon all four of the following criteria from the ICMJE Authorship guidelines (http://www.icmje.org/recommendations/browse/roles-and-responsibilities/defining-the-role-of-authors-and-contributors.html). However, research fraud by co-author, who is related to a special relationship, is prohibited, and related person refers to minors under the age of 19 or his/her family (within four cousins such as a spouse, child, etc.).
    • 1) Substantial contribution to the concept or design of the work, or the acquisition or analysis and interpretation of data;
    • 2) Drafting the work or revising it critically for important intellectual content;
    • 3) Final approval of the version submitted for publication;
    • 4) Accountability for all aspects of the work in ensuring that questions related to the accuracy or integrity of any part of the work are appropriately investigated and resolved.
      All other contributors should be listed in the acknowledgments section. These authorship criteria are intended to reserve the status of authorship for those who deserve credit and can take responsibility for the work.
      Any addition, deletion, or rearrangement of author names in the authorship list should be made only before the manuscript is accepted and only if approved by the journal Editor. To request any changes, the Editor must receive the following from the corresponding author: (a) the reason for the change in author list and (b) written confirmation (e-mail correspondence) from all authors that they agree with the addition, removal, or rearrangement. In the case of addition or removal of authors, confirmation from the author being added or removed must also be included.
  7. Conflict of Interest
    The corresponding author is responsible for informing the editor regarding potential conflicts of interest in all listed authors that might influence their interpretation of data. Examples of potential conflicts of interest include employment, consultancies, stock ownership, royalties, honoraria, paid expert testimony, patent applications/registrations, non-financial support, and grants or
    other funding. For more detailed information on the Conflict of Interest, please visit at http://www.icmje.org/coi_disclosure.pdf. If there is no conflict of interest, this should also be explicitly stated as "The author(s) declare(s) that there is no conflict of interest."

  8. The authors must sign on the cover page that they have complied with the ethical rules of the Journal.
Manuscript Submission and Adoption
  1. The 1st author and the correspondent author of the manuscript should be members of the academy, unless they are non-Korean authors.

  2. Any master’s degree or doctoral degree thesis must be clearly indicated as such and the degree holder must be the 1st author of the material submitted for publication.
    Any master's degree or doctoral degree thesis may include an advisor professor as collaborator or corresponding author.

  3. Manuscripts should be submitted online.
    • 1) Manuscript submission can be made through the internet homepage of the Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing (http://www.kafn.or.kr). Before contributing manuscripts, items on the self-check form shall be submitted to the Korean Academy of the Fundamentals of Nursing via fax (043-266-1710), or email (fundnurs24@naver.com). The self checkup list can be downloaded at the following site (http://kafn.medicallove.com/2.pdf).
    • 2) For more detailed information, visit the homepage of the Korean Academy of the Fundamentals of Nursing and find the online manuscript submission system. Any questions about the use of system can be addressed to the editing director for the Korean Academy of the Fundamentals of Nursing by telephone (043-249-1783), fax (043-266-1710) or email (fundnurs24@naver.com).
    • 3) For the theses that have been accepted, an agreement for the transfer of the copyright downloaded at the site (http://kafn.medicallove.com/3.pdf) is to be submitted to the Korean Academy of the Fundamentals of Nursing by fax (043-266-1710).
  4. Manuscripts which do not conform to these regulations will not be accepted. Once a thesis has been accepted, nothing is to be changed by the authors and nothing added to, or removed from the content without a special reasons.
Manuscript Preparation

General contents

  1. Manuscripts are to be prepared in Korean according to the orthography, and the bibliography and abstract written in English.
  2. Manuscripts are not to have any marks which represent the author. No more than 20 pages are allowed for manuscripts including an English abstract, the text, bibliography, tables and figures (manuscripts with more than 20 pages shall not be accepted).
  3. The paper setting should be A4, and compatible with Microsoft word. Formatting requirements are as follows: texts written in Korean should follow 신명조(shinmyoungjo) 10 point font size; 200% line-spaced with margins of top 30mm, bottom 25mm, left 25mm, and right 25mm. Texts written in English should be double-spaced and Times New Roman 12 point font size. Page numbers are placed at the bottom of each page.
  4. Medical terms must be based on the recent edition of "Standard Nursing Terminology" published by Korean Society of Nursing Science (http://www.kan.or.kr/kor/sp_library/sp_library02.php?mode=view&number=3704&page=1&b_name=nurse_data) and "English-Korean Medical Terminology 5th edition" (http://term.kma.org/index.asp) published by Korean Medical Association.
  5. If English abbreviations have to be used, full spellings in parenthesis when mentioned first are required. However, abbreviations are not to be used in the title. p, when referring to a significant probability, should be written with a small letter in italic-style.
  6. As for standard words and units, reference should be made Citing Medicine: The NLM (National Library of Medicine) Style Guide for Authors, Editors, and Publishers, 2nd edition (2007).
  7. A space should be placed after English words or numerals when they follow a parenthesis ( ). But no space is to be used when Korean words come before a parenthesis or when a post-positional words are used.
  8. In principle, research tools used in theses are to be used only after approval has been received from the developers.
  9. Appliances and equipment shall be mentioned with their model name, manufacturer, city (state) and nationality declared in parentheses. Such symbols as , which refer to the commodity name shall not be used unless it cannot be avoided.

Manuscript Composition

  1. Manuscripts shall include a cover page, title, English abstract, text, bibliography, tables and figures, each of which shall begin on a separate page.
    • 1) The cover page shall include title, type of manuscript, author, correspondent author, other official announcements and main terms. On the cover page, be sure to check the 'Cover page Instructions' of the online paper submission system and make sure to list all the items.
    • (1) Type of manuscript can include review article, quantitative research, qualitative research, concept analysis, Q methodological research, and meta-analysis expressed.
    • (2) The names of all of the authors, their place of work (association), position, and ORCID are to be included. (To register ORCID, visit htt ps://orcid.org)
    • (3) For the corresponding author, name, address, postal code, telephone number, FAX number, e-mail address, and ORCID are to be included in English.
    • (4) Official announcements including related academic degree, financial support for research and conflict of interest are to be included.
    • (5) Key words are not to exceed 5 words, and should be written in English, and corresponding Korean words if possible.
  2. English abstracts should not exceed 250 words; titles should be at the top and sub-titles such as Purpose, Method, Results, and Conclusion, shall be written consecutively without changing lines. Key words shall not exceed 5 words and be written at the bottom of the abstract employing, in principle, the terms registered with MeSH (www.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/MBrowser.html).
  3. The main text shall include the introduction, research method, research results, discussion, conclusion, suggestion, and bibliography (no more than 35 items for the original studies; 50 for review and model construction studies); and other documents to be considered shall be added only if absolutely necessary. The composition may be changed for qualitative research.
    • 1) The Introduction should include a brief and clear statement of the need for and purpose of the research.
    • 2) In the Methods the research design, research participants, research tools, material collection (or research progress) and method of analysis should be included with their sub-titles.
    • 3) Research results, should include identified outputs logically and clearly described.
    • 4) The Discussion should include a discussion of results of the research including a comparison and interpretation of them against other related materials. The focus should on providing the new and important outputs of the research, and the contents should not be described in a repetitious manner.
    • 5) Conclusion shall summarize research purpose, research method, and research output; and the last paragraph shall describe the findings derived from the outputs of the research.
    • 6) Suggestions shall describe practical matters applicable to later research.
  4. Selection and description and of participants
    • 1) Ensure correct use of the terms sex (when reporting biological factors) and gender (identity, psychosocial or cultural factors), and, unless inappropriate, report the sex or gender of study participants, the sex of animals or cells, and describe the methods used to determine sex or gender.
    • 2) If the study was done involving an exclusive population, for example in only one sex, authors should justify why, except in obvious cases (e.g., prostate cancer).
    • 3) Authors should define how they determined race or ethnicity and justify their relevance.

Table, Figure and Pictures

  1. Each table, figure and photo shall be described in English on a separate page. In other words, each page shall have only one table, figure or photo.
  2. In the case of qualitative research, when it is judged that the meaning of a table or figure cannot be described well in English, it may be described in Korean after the editorial committee has examined and approved it.
  3. The contents of tables, figures and photos should be easy to understand and complete enough to function independently.
  4. In principle, the number of tables, figures and photos should not exceed 5.
  5. Principle for preparing tables:
    • 1) All the lines shall be single lines and there shall be no vertical lines.
    • 2) The title of a table shall be expressed using the important words, the first letter of which to be written as a capital letter.
      Example: Table 1. Overall Responses (Security to Insecurity) to Question Types
    • 3) Tables are to be numbered in the order of their being cited in the text.
    • 4) Explanations about items are not to be placed in the title but in the footnotes. All non-standard abbreviations used in a table shall be explained in the footnotes of the table.
      Example: HR=heart rate; T=temperature
    • 5) Explain footnotes using marks in the following order: Superscript identification marks ( *, †, ‡, §, ∥, ¶, #, **, ††) are explained in the lower left corner of the table along with abbreviations used in a table in the order of their citation.
      Example: Survival case ; Dead case
    • 6) All units of measurements and concentrations should be designated.
    • 7) When reporting decimal numbers, the significance level shall be rounded off to three decimal places; means, standard deviations, and a test statistic, to two decimal places; and percentages, to one decimal place (e.g., p =.002, 23.98±3.47, 45.7%). Only if the number (such as a test statistic) can be more than 1, 0 shall be placed in front of the decimal point (e.g. t=0.26, F=0.92, r=.14, R²=.61).
    • 8) When reporting p-values, which refer to significance probability, footnotes shall not be used but the actual p-values shall be provided. If a p-value is .000 and 1.000, it shall be indicated as p <.001 and p >.999, respectively. If p-values have to be reported using footnotes, *, ** shall be used (e.g. *p < .05, **p < .01).
    • 9) p which refers to a significant probability shall be stated in italics and lower case.
    • 10) Percentage (%) should be written to the first decimal point, and all statistics such as t, F, x², and r should be written to two decimal point.
  6. Principle of producing figures and photos
    • 1) Only the first letter of the figure title shall be written in a capital letter.
      Example: Figure 1. Mean responses to questions by student grade categories
    • 2) When there is more than one figure marked with the same number, the figures shall be written with an alphabet letter following Arabic numerals (Example: Fig. 1-A, Fig. 1-B).
    • 3) Symbols used for a graph should be written in the following order ●, ■, ▲, ◆, ○, □, △, ◇.

Appendices and Supplementary Material

  1. Appendices
    Authors should submit an appendix to show the developed final measurement in the instrument development study and list of reviewed articles in systematic review or meta-analysis research.

  2. Supplementary material
    Supplementary material can support and enhance your scientific research. Supplementary files offer the author additional possibilities to publish supporting applications, highresolution images, background datasets, sound clips and more. Please note that such items are published online exactly as they are submitted; there is no typesetting involved (supplementary data supplied as an Excel file or as a PowerPoint slide will appear as such online). Please submit the material together with the article and supply a concise and descriptive caption for each file. If you wish to make any changes to supplementary data during any stage of the process, then please make sure to provide an updated file, and do not annotate any corrections on a previous version. Please also make sure to switch off the ‘Track Changes’ option in any Microsoft Office files as these will appear in the published supplementary file(s).

Reference Citation

  1. References should be listed on a separate sheet at the end of the paper in the order of citation. Authors are responsible for the accuracy and completeness of their references and correct text citations. The number of references should be 35 or less for a regular article except for a manuscript on structural equation model which allow up to 50 references.
  2. In the text, documents should be cited all in English after referring to the examples listed below and, if needed, to Citing Medicine: The NLM Style Guide for Authors, Editors, and Publishers, Second Edition (2007)
    (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK7256/).
  3. Journal names should not be abbreviated. For more than six authors, the first six authors' names should be listed, followed by "et al."
  4. The DOI (Digital Object Identifier) should be included if the journal lists one (http://www.crossref.org).
    • 1) Reference should be numbered serially in the order of appearance in the text, with numbers in brackets [ ] (e.g., social support[1], fatigue[2,3], depression[4-6]).
    • 2) If a reference is cited more than once, use the original reference number (e.g., social support [1,2], fatigue [2-5], depression [1,4-6]).
  5. Journal Articles
    • 1) Journal articles with six or fewer authors, list all authors
      ㆍExamples:
      Cho OH, Yoo YS, Kim NC. Efficacy of comprehensive group rehabilitation for women with early breast cancer in South Korea. Nursing & Health Sciences. 2006;8(3):140-146. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1442-2018.2006.00271.x
    • 2) Journal articles with six or fewer authors, list all authors
      ㆍExamples:
      Bang KS, Kang JH, Jun MH, Kim HS, Son HM, Yu SJ, et al. Professional values in Korean undergraduate nursing students. Nurse Education Today. 2011;31(1):72-75. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nedt.2010.03.019
    • 3) Forthcoming journal articles
      ㆍExamples:
      Heale R, Dickieson P, Carter L, Wenghofer EF. Nurse practitioners' perceptions of inter-professional team functioning with implications for nurse managers. Journal of Nursing Management. Forthcoming 2013 May 9. Scerri J, Cassar R. Qualitative study on the placement of Huntington disease patients in a psychiatric hospital: Perceptions of Maltese nurses. Nursing & Health Sciences. 2013. Forthcoming.
  6. Magazine Articles
    • ㆍExamples:
      Rutan C. Creating healthy habits in children. Parish Nurse Newsletter. 2012 May 15:5-6.
  7. Newspaper Articles
    • ㆍExamples:
      Cho C-u. Stem cell windpipe gives Korean toddler new life. The Korea Herald. 2013 May 2;Sect. 01.
  8. Books
    • ㆍExamples (authors with edition):
      Peate I. The student's guide to becoming a nurse. 2nd ed. Chichester WS: John Wiley & Sons; 2012. p. 59-90.
      Min KA, Kim CG. Nursing management. Jeonju: Knowledge & Future; 2012. p. 59-90.
    • ㆍExample (chapter):
      Miller CW. Applied cardiovascular physiology. In: Wingfield WE, Raffe M, editors. The veterinary ICU book. Jackson, WY: Teton NewMedia; 2002. p. 1-14.
    • ㆍExample (edited):
      Curley MAQ, Moloney-Harmon PA, editors. Critical care nursing of infants and children. Philadelphia, PA: W.B. Saunders Co.; 2001.
    • ㆍExample (translated):
      Stuart G. Principles and practice of psychiatric nursing. 9th ed. Kim SS, Kim KH, Ko SH, translator. Philadelphia, PA: Mosby; 2008.
    • ㆍExample (Dictionary):
      Fitzpatrick JJ, Wallace M, editors. Encyclopedia of nursing research. 3rd ed. New York, NY: Springer Publishing Company; 2012.
  9. Thesis
    • ㆍExamples:
      Jin HY. A study on the analysis of risk factors and characteristics for nosocomial infection in intensive cure unit [dissertation]. Seoul: Yonsei University; 2005. p. 1-108.
      Kim JS. A study on fatigue, stress and burnout of pregnancy nurses [master's thesis]. Gwangju: Chonnam National University; 2012. p. 1-50.
  10. Conference Publications
    • ㆍExamples (Unpublished):
      Bryar R. The primary health care workforce development roadmap. Paper presented at: The public health nursing contribution to primary health care 3rd International public health nursing conference; 2013 August 25-1; National University of Ireland Galway (NUIG). Galway.
      Bigbee J. Promoting the health of the population: Public health nursing leading the way. Poster session presented at: The public health nursing contribution to primary health care 3rd International public health nursing conference; 2013 August 25-1; National University of Ireland Galway (NUIG). Galway.
    • ㆍExample (published):
      Bell JM. Highlights from the 10th international family nursing conference. Making family nursing visible: From knowledge building to knowledge translation 10th international family nursing conference; 2011 June 24-28; Kyoto International Conference Center. Kyoto: Sage Publications; 2013. p. 135-139.
  11. Web Sites
    • ㆍExample (Standard citation to a homepage):
      Complementary/Integrative Medicine [Internet]. Houston: University of Texas, M. D. Anderson Cancer Center; c2007 [cited 2007 Feb 21]. Available from: http://www.mdanderson.org/departments/CIMER/.
    • ㆍExample (Homepage with author(s)):
      Hooper JF. Psychiatry & the Law: Forensic Psychiatric Resource Page [Internet]. Tuscaloosa (AL): University of Alabama, Department of Psychiatry and Neurology; 1999 Jan 1 [updated 2006 Jul 8; cited 2007 Feb 23]. Available from: http://bama.ua.edu/~jhooper/.
    • ㆍExample (Homepage with an organization(s) as author)
      Gene Ontology Consortium. the Gene Ontology [Internet]. [place unknown]: the Gene Ontology; c1999-2007 [cited 2007 Feb 22]. Available from: http://www.geneontology.org/.
    • ㆍExample (Homepage with no authors or editors)
      StatePublicHealth.org [Internet]. Washington: ASTHO; [cited 2007 Feb 23]. Available from: http://statepublichealth.org/.
Screening Review of Submitted Manuscript
  1. Screening review of submitted manuscript is conducted by 3 review board members.
  2. After the review of the manuscript by the review board, the editing board member reviews the manuscript. If at that time, the editorial board member finds that the requested corrections were not fully made, the board member request re-correction. After that, the director of editing board makes a final decision on manuscript publication.
  3. Based on the review results, the corresponding authors should provide a complementary revision. The revised manuscript along with the complementary revision record should be submitted through the online acceptance system within 2 weeks. For review board members suggestions for corrections, the authors should prepare a list of corrections by category and indicate where the correction was made.
  4. Manuscript revision that is required for printing of the manuscript is also to be done by the authors.
  5. Publication fees, review charges, and special edition fees and separated volume fees will be charged to the authors according to the journal guidelines.
    • 1) For those of manuscripts confirmed for publication, a publication fee is assigned of 30,000 won for each page up to 10th page, and if publication exceeds more than 10 pages, exceeding pages are charged 40,000 won for each extra page. Also a fee of 50,000 won for DOI is added. In the case of funded research, 50,000 won is added for each part (Excluding studies supported by the Journal of the Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing)
    • 2) Deposit is to be made to the present financial director of the academy (Kookmin Bank: 850101-00-111614).
  6. Detailed contents on the manuscript review process are made in the following review guidelines.
Online Open and Subscription
  1. The present journal was first published in 1994, and the acronym of the Journal of the Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing is J. Korean Fund. Nurs.
  2. Full texts of the journals can be viewed free of charge, and the URL site where the academic journal can be viewed is the following: http://j.kafn.or.kr/
  3. Subscription to the J. Korean Fund. Nurs. is available by requesting a subscription of the J. Korean Academy of Nursing. A subscription fee of 40,000 won is charged for 1 year, and the journals (February, May, August, November issues) are delivered by mail.
  4. The present academic journal is registered at Scopus, CINAHL, CrossRef, and KoreaMed.


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